1. Difference between Software and Hardware:
- Hardware: Physical parts of a computer that you can touch (like a keyboard, mouse, or monitor).
- Software: Programs and instructions that tell the computer what to do (like Microsoft Word or Google Chrome).
Hardware | Software |
---|---|
Physical components of a computer that you can touch | Programs and instructions that tell the hardware what to do |
Tangible (has a physical form) | Intangible (no physical form) |
Can wear out over time | Does not wear out but can become outdated |
Examples: Keyboard, Mouse, CPU | Examples: Microsoft Word, Google Chrome, Windows |
Functions based on software instructions | Controls the operation of hardware |
2. Types of Operating Systems:
- Windows: A popular operating system used in most personal computers.
- macOS: The operating system for Apple computers (Mac).
- Linux: An open-source operating system used by advanced users.
- Android: The operating system for most smartphones and tablets.
- iOS: The operating system for Apple’s mobile devices like iPhone and iPad.
3. List of Input, Output, and Storage Devices:
Input Devices:
Devices used to give data to the computer.
- Keyboard: Used to type text.
- Mouse: Used to point and click on things on the screen.
- Scanner: Converts physical documents into digital format.
Output Devices:
Devices used to show or present the data processed by the computer.
- Monitor: Displays text, images, and videos.
- Printer: Prints documents from the computer onto paper.
- Speakers: Outputs sound from the computer.
Storage Devices:
Devices used to store data.
- Hard Drive (HDD): A storage device that saves large amounts of data.
- Solid State Drive (SSD): A faster storage device compared to HDD.
- USB Flash Drive: A small, portable storage device.
- CD/DVD: Discs used to store data, music, or movies.
4. Definition and Difference between Data and Information:
- Data: Raw facts and figures that have no specific meaning on their own. For example, “45”, “John”, and “Blue”.
- Information: Processed data that has meaning and can be understood. For example, “John is 45 years old and likes the color blue.”
Data | Information |
---|---|
Raw, unprocessed facts | Processed, meaningful data |
Example: 100, 200, 300 | Example: Test scores: 100, 200, 300 |
Alone, it doesn’t give full meaning | Provides context and understanding |